Among the options, the best solvent would be water because it is the universal solvent. However, it will always depend on the type of solute you have. Water is considered a universal solvent because
most substances dissolve in water. And compared to other liquids, it is the
one that dissolves a wide range of substances.
Full question: For each solute, identify the best solvent: water or carbon tetrachloride. C6H6, I2, Na2S, CH3OH water → CH3OH and Na2S Carbon tetrachloride → C6H6 and I2 Explanation: To determine whether a solvent will dissolve a solute, it is necessary to know the polarity of the solvent and the solute. It is a known fact that polar solvent dissolves polar solute while nonpolar solvent dissolves nonpolar solute. Water is a polar solvent, so it dissolves most polar solutes. Carbon tetrachloride is a nonpolar solvent, it dissolves nonpolar solutes. C6H6 C6H6 is a non-polar solute, it will definitely dissolve better in carbon tetrachloride. I2 I2 is a nonpolar solute, so it dissolves better in carbon tetrachloride. Na2S Na2S is a polar solute that will definitely dissolve better in water. CH3OH CH3OH is a polar solute that dissolves better in water.
In water solvent: Na₂S and CH₃OH In carbon tetrachloride solvent: C₆H₆ and Br₂ Explanation: Use: Similar dissolution Polar substances dissolve in polar substances and non-polar substances in non-polar substances. Since water is polar and carbon tetrachloride is non-polar. Na₂S, sodium sulfide is an ionic compound and therefore dissolves better in a polar solvent which is water. C₆H₆, benzene is nonpolar and dissolves in carbon tetrachloride. CH₃OH, methanol which is polar and dissolves in water. Br₂, bromine gas is apolar and dissolves in carbon tetrachloride.
The solubility of components is affected by polarity. similar substance
dissolve a similar substance. Thus the polar substance dissolves the polar substance and
The non-polar substance dissolves the non-polar substance. Since water is polar and
carbon tetrachloride is apolar Br2 dissolves in carbon tetrachloride because it is not
KF polar in water because it is polar CH2O in water because it is polar C6H14 is carbon tetrachloride because it is apolar
The best solvent for Na₂S (sodium sulfide) and CH₃OH(methanol): water The best solvent for C₆H₆(benzene) and Br₂(bromine): CCl4 Further explanations In covalent bonds there are electronegativity differences that cause bond polarization
If the bond of an electron pair is more attracted to an atom, the covalent bond is polar.
This is due to the attraction of electrons from an atom larger than other atoms.
But the geometric shape of molecules can make molecules that have polar bonds polar or non-polar.
The symmetrical shape of the molecule is usually a non-polar molecule
For example in H₂O
This molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity where O atom has stronger electronic attraction compared to H atom so this molecule has positive and negative poles where negative pole is on O atom
Polar molecules dissolved in water undergo ionization in order to conduct electricity and are electrolytes while non-polar molecules are not electrolytes.
Polar molecules will dissolve polar molecules and vice versa, nonpolar molecules can dissolve nonpolar molecules.
Water molecules that can be used to test polar and non-polar molecules by dissolving them in water
The size of the polarity is usually indicated by the magnitude of the dipole moment
The larger the dipole moment, the more polar the compound. In nonpolar compounds, the dipole moment is zero.
water-H₂O is a polar solvent, due to the high electronegativity between O and H atoms, and the shape of the molecule V (asymmetric)
CCl₄- Carbon tetrachloride is a non-polar solvent, where C atoms as central and Cl atoms have different electronegativity, but due to the symmetric shape the dipole moment is suppressed and therefore non-polar
Let’s see that each of these compounds is polar or non-polar
Na₂S (sodium sulfide) and CH₃OH (methanol) are ionic compounds that can dissolve in polar solvents such as water
C₆H₆(benzene) and Br₂(bromine) are nonpolar covalent compounds with symmetrical shapes and lack lone electron pairs that can dissolve in CCl4
Find out more ionic bond type of chemical bond Lewis structures Keywords: chemical bond, covalent bond, water, electrons, dipole moment
To know which is the best solvent between the two, you have to know what the solute will be. It really depends on the type of solute you have. If the solute is polar, water is the best solvent for this type of solute. However, when the solute is a nonpolar substance, carbon tetrachloride is the best solvent.
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