P-fluoroanisole reacts with sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid. Draw the main product of this substitution reaction; where appropriate, minimize formal overhead through extended bytes. Assume that 1 equivalent of reagents is used.
Answer 1
(Attached structure). Explanation: This type of reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. The overall reaction is the replacement of a proton (H+) by an electrophile (E+) in the aromatic ring. The aromatic ring of p-fluoroanisole has two substituents, a halogen and a methoxy group, which are ortho-para directing substituents. Arylsulfonic acids are easily synthesized by an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction using sulfur trioxide as the electrophile (highly reactive). The reaction takes place in three steps: Attack of the electrophile forms the sigma complex. The loss of a proton regenerates an aromatic ring. The sulfonate group can be protonated in the presence of a strong acid (H2SO4). Normally, a mixture of ortho-parasubstituted products would be obtained. However, since both para positions are occupied, only the ortho-substituted product is obtained here.